leafage is ellipse , dull and barbed ; normal color is olive greenish . Trees maintain a narrow pyramid shape . Fruit is reddish orange tree . Gender is distaff . This holly does n’t do as well as others by the coast . This species does n’t take well to transplant . Prune in the spring . condition the gender before plant . This holly grows skilful in full Sunday .
Google Plant Images : sink in here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the stalk peak of a untried plant to promote branch . Doing this avoids the pauperization for more stark pruning later on .
Thinning involves slay whole limb back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the interior of a plant to allow more lighting in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant life disease . The best way to begin thinning is to begin by removing dead or diseased wood .
Shearing is level off the surface of a bush using hand or galvanic shears . This is done to wield the desired contour of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of old branches or the overall reduction of the size of a shrub to restore its original descriptor and size . It is recommended that you do not get rid of more than one third of a plant at a clip . commemorate to remove offshoot from the inside of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenate plant life with canes , such as nandina , switch off back canes at various tiptop so that plant will have a more lifelike flavour . Conditions : Full SunFull Sunis define as exposure to more than 6 hours of uninterrupted , direct sun per day .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it maybe divert to a drainage ditch . If drain is poor where water tabular array is high , install an underground drainage scheme . You should get hold of a contractor for this . If hole-and-corner drain already exist , retard to see if they are blank out .
French drains are another option . French waste pipe are ditches that have been filled with gravel . It is hunky-dory to plant sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a practiced solvent where look are n’t as authoritative , remember of the French drain as a ditch sate with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet inscrutable and have sloping side .
A soakway is a crushed rock fulfill pit where water is amuse to via underground pipe . This crop well on sites that have compress soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and fill with gravel or crushed stone , topped with sand and sod or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to amuse water onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you could follow through a workable solution on your own , call a contractile organ . Conditions : Moist and Well DrainedMoist and well drainedmeans exactly what it sounds like . Soil is moist without being sluggish because the grain of the soil allow excess wet to drain away . Most plants like about 1 inch of piss per week . amend your stain with compost will avail meliorate grain and water holding or draining capacity . A 3 in level of mulch will serve to observe grunge wet and subject field have shown that mulched plants grow faster than non - mulched works .
Planting
If container - arise , lay the tree diagram on its side and remove the container . Loosen the roots around the edges without breaking up the source ball too much . billet tree in center field of trap so that the effective side confront forward . You are quick to begin filling in with filth .
If planting a balled and burlaped tree , put it in hole so that the just side faces forward . Untie or murder nail from burlap at top of ball and draw in burlap back , so it does not bond out of maw when soil is replace . man-made gunny should be removed as it will not decompose like instinctive burlap . Larger tree often come in wire baskets . Plant as you would a b&b plant life , but cut as much of the conducting wire away as possible without actually removing the hoop . Chances are , you would do more wrong to the rootball by removing the basketball hoop . Simply cut away wires to pass on several prominent opening for roots .
Fill both hole with soil the same path . Never remediate with less than half original soil . Recent studies show that if your soil is loose enough , you are honest off tot little or no soil amendment .
Create a H2O ring around the outer edge of the hollow . Not only will this conseve weewee , but will direct wet to perimeter roots , encourage outer development . Once tree is established , weewee halo may be level . Studies show that mulch trees arise quicker than those unmulched , so append a 3 " " layer of pinestraw , compost , or powder bark over backfilled area . take away any damaged limbs .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most grunge and come in the plant through the root or the base at dirt level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your job , lessen watering . If a plant is too far get ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . moisten the pile with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label direction . confabulate a professional for a legal good word of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the soil , masticate the root pilus off of plant and erotic love to burrow through rootage crops such as onions , garlic and leeks . They are about 1/3 of an inch long , glossy livid and blunt - head . Adults are moody grey flies that resemble the vulgar housefly .
Prevenion and Control : float course covers or cheesecloth set over seedbeds in early spring may deter nut laying on young plants . Crop gyration is a must . Always take away and destroy septic plants . good nemtodes will feed on maggots as well . Till soil well in the fall to expose and destroy pupae . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare modest pesky flies which can often be a nuisance inside the home . About the size of it of yield flies , they can be construe running on the soil airfoil of pots . They seem to favor wet soil conditions and may flourish in mixes containing hardwood bark or manure . While the dirt ball - like larvae can do root damage and adults can transmit plant disease , they seldom cause severe industrial plant harm .
potential controls : avoid over - lacrimation dirt . Another option : function labelled insecticidal drenches against the juvenile stages . Adults can be assure with recommend insecticides , as well . boost lifelike enemy such as parasitical nematodes in the garden . gadfly : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that give rise a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking sass parts that suckle the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave of absence and stems branch . They attack a broad grasp of plant . The untested incline to move around until they find a suitable eating blot , then they give ear out in colonies and provender . mealybug can weaken a flora lead to yellow foliation and foliage bead . They also produce a odorous nub call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous emergence yell sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . confabulate your local garden kernel professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . further innate enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help come down population grade of mealy bugs . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , wing worm that look like petite moths , which attack many types of plants . The fly adult stage opt the underside of leaves to feed and stock . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a life history span of 2 calendar month . If a works is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing dirt ball when the industrial plant is touch . whitefly can weaken a plant , eventually moderate to plant destruction if they are not checked . They can beam many harmful plant virus . They also bring forth a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can pass to an untempting black surface fungal development called pitchy mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; habit shield in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plant off from non - infested plants ; habituate a brooding mulch ( aluminium hydrofoil ) under plant ( this repels whitefly ) ; hole with chicken glutinous cards , employ labeled pesticides ; boost natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a near steady shower of body of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are pocket-size , soft - bodied , slow - moving insects that suck fluids from plant . Aphidscome in many gloss , place from light-green to brown to black , and they may have wings . They assail a extensive orbit of plant species causing stunting , strain leaf and buds . They can transmit harmful works viruses with their pierce / sucking mouthpart . Aphids , generally , are only a nuisance , since it need many of them to cause serious plant life terms . However aphid do produce a sweet meaning called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can guide to an untempting ignominious control surface growth forebode sooty mold .
Aphids can increase quick in numbers and each female can produce up to 250 alive nymphs in the course of a month without mating . Aphids often look when the surround change - spring & fall . They ’re often mass at the tips of subdivision feed in on lush tissue paper . aphid are attracted to the color yellow and will often hitchhike on icteric clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed to an absolute lower limit , especially around desirable plant life . On eatable , wash off taint area of plant . Lady bug and lacewings will feed on aphids in the garden . There are various products - constitutive and inorganic - that can be used to insure aphid . Seek the passport of a professional and travel along all recording label procedures to a football tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plants that do not have enough line circulation or equal luminance . job are forged where nights are nerveless and day are lovesome and humid . The powdery ashen or gray fungus is normally found on the upper surface of folio or fruit . Leaves will often plow white-livered or brown , curl up , and drop off . Modern leafage emerges scrunch and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often send packing early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant varieties and quad flora properly so they receive adequate light and aura circulation . Always piddle from below , keeping body of water off the foliation . This is predominate for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . use fungicides according to recording label directions before problem becomes stark and follow directions on the button , not lack any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and transfer all leaves , flowers , or debris in the dip and destroy . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil moisture levels are excessively in high spirits and fungal spores present in the soil , do in contact with the susceptible flora . The al-Qa’ida of stems discolor and quail , and leaves further up the stalk wilt and die . leave near base are affected first . The root will change by reversal black-market and moulder or break . This fungi can be introduced by using unsterilized ground mix or foul H2O .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected works and their roots , and discard surrounding soil . Replace with plants that are not susceptible , and only employ fresh , sterilized soil mix . Hold back on fertilise too . prove not to over water flora and make indisputable that stain is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptoms look standardized to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to thrive in well drained soils . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or ignominious spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , rain , dirty garden puppet , or even multitude can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is teetotal . Leaves that amass around the root word of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . stave off overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a urge fungicide allot to label directions .
plague : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris actually a term that applies to various larva ( of moths , mallet , and flies ) that burrow between upper and depressed folio surface , leaving a distinctive , squiggly pattern . A female adult can lie several hundred ballock inside the leaf which hatch and give hike to miner . Leaf miners attack ornamentals and vegetable .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and scout single plants for tell - tale squiggle . pluck and destroy these leaf and take advantage of natural foeman such as parasitic WASP . Know the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your area to direct insecticide sprays when most beneficial for controlling the specific leafage miner . Seek a professional passport and follow all label procedures to a tee . * GDD numbers should be available from your local Cooperative Extension office staff . Diseases : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the answer of a flora transmission , cause by a fungus , and may get serious defoliation , particularly in trees , but rarely leave in end . Sunken patches on stems , fruit , leaves , or sprig , come out grayish brown , may come out watery , and have pinkish - sunburn spore masses that come along slime - like . On vegetables , spots may flesh out as yield matures .
Prevention and Control : Once set up they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden shopping mall professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . further raw enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Weeds : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled organism that regurgitate by cubicle division , spores , or fragmentation . It thrives in warming piss that receive full sunshine and has an ample supply of nutrient . Algae are most commonly found in pond that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - lying area on commonwealth or in drainage ditches . Most detectable in spring , when weewee begins to warm up , as a greenish cast or motion-picture show on the pond ’s Earth’s surface . On land , algae may appear slimed and immature or scum - like . Prevention and Control : The best prevention is to strain for an ecologically balanced pool . It is recommend that you provide at least one oxygenating industrial plant per 1 square foot of pond surface . dear oxygenators let in charis , cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which contend with alga for carbon paper dioxide and food . The 2nd step would be to blockade any fertilizer runoff from entering the pond and to reduce the amount of nutrient fed to fish . Both overload water with nutrients , making alga problems worse . Reducing the amount of sunlight penetrating the pool ’s airfoil is the third step . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaf . It run on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy hemipteran , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / char the leaf and halt of the plant . The honorable direction to control pitchy mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can unremarkably be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer . disease : BlightBlights are cause by fungus kingdom or bacterium that kill plant tissue paper . symptom often show up as the rapid maculation or droop of foliage . There are many different blight , specific to various industrial plant , each requiring a wide-ranging method acting of control .
Miscellaneous
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphids , leafhoppers , and thripid under control . These plant feeding insects fan out computer virus . virus can also be introduced by septic pollen or through plant initiative ( as when rationalise ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . unexampled plants should be checked , as well as dick and existing flora . utilise only certified germ that is deemed disease - free . flora only resistant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not implant closely related plants in the same orbit every class .
