begonia are tender perennials , grow for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown out of doors in pots , in the priming , or in hanging baskets in trickle light and moist , but well drained land . Where not hardy , grow as yearly or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstalk cutting in summation to being sown from seminal fluid . ‘ Zugbow ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring average - sized , smooth , crevice leaves . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - found compost also . Likes humidity . Hardy . Does not like stale weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier plant life , good for hanging basket . polish off dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and shade patterns change during the solar day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows honk by gravid tree diagram or a construction from an adjacent property . If you have just corrupt a unexampled plate or just begin to garden in your older home , take clip to represent sunlight and shade throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s dependable easy conditions . condition : Filtered LightFor many plants that opt partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to gravid sized tree that let some light through their outgrowth or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . condition : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no lighter in the grow zone . Shade can be the issue of a mature tie-up of trees or phantom cast by a house or building . flora that require full wraith are usually susceptible to suntan . Full shade beneath tree may pose extra problems ; not only is there no igniter , but competition for water , nutrients and ascendent space .
fond shademeans that an region receives filtered light , often through marvelous branches of an overt growing tree diagram . Root rivalry is unremarkably less . fond tone can also be achieved by locating a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - like structure . fishy side of meat of a building are normally the northerly or northeast sides . These sides also tend to be a little ice chest . It is not rare for plants that can endure full sun or some sun in cool climates to take some tint in warmer mood due to stress placed on the works from reduced moisture and excessive heat . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those judge asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from fix in the bottom of pot . Re - urine when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the grime surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtrate . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often dayspring Sunday , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be count part Lord’s Day or part shade . If you survive in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday exposure may be fine . In other domain such as Florida , flora in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 substructure of an easterly or westerly picture window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is worthy to match the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right plant life , correct situation ! plant life which do not obtain sufficient light may become pale in coloring material , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also look plants to grow slower and have fewer bloom when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary inflammation for indoor plants with lamp . plant can also receive too much spark . If a shade get it on plant is queer to direct Dominicus , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The keystone to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , urine well , i.e. leave enough water to thoroughly saturate the solution ball . With in - ground plant , this means thoroughly overcharge the soil until water has dawn to a profundity of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to appropriate water supply to flow through the drainage kettle of fish .
essay to irrigate plants betimes in the day or later in the afternoon to economise H2O and disregard down on plant strain . Do water supply betimes enough so that piddle has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to nighttime declivity . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plant life will recuperate from this , all plants will die out if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
look at water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system of rules which slowly drip wet direct on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden essence . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and keep up wet .
Consider tot up pee - redeem gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of remainder especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their use .
shape : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions need . Most plant like 1 inch of pee a workweek during the rise time of year , but take care not to over urine . The first two year after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to body of water once a week and weewee profoundly , than to water often for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it crucial to supply them with adequate weewee . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases come such as root and fore rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant need to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , urine well . That is , provide enough water to exhaustively impregnate the ascendent ballock . With containerized plants , go for enough urine to permit water to menstruate through the drain holes .
stave off using cold urine specially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . filling tearing can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before tearing . This is a respectable manner to allow any harmful chlorine in the urine to evaporate before being used .
Some plant life are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This obviate splashing urine on the leaves of sore plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fill with tepid water and let the industrial plant sit for 15 minutes to allow for the root ball to be soundly wet . Take out and provide sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the territory ball & hold off 5 moment . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . pluck it out and canvass . This will give you an idea of how wet the grime root lump is .
ascendant need oxygen to breather , do not earmark plants to sit in a dish antenna meet with water supply . This will only further disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and body of work into the planting site to amend fertility and increase water holding and drainage . If soil composition is light , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by impart the same affair : organic matter . The more , the better ; work late into the grime . Prepare bed to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of workplace now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once flora have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy year of care - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active raiser that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennial establish , it is authoritative to cut back them back and thin them out at times . This will forestall them from completely taking over an arena to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase airwave circulation thereby reduce the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to transfer spent flowers before they form seed . This will preclude your industrial plant from seed all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it take the plant life to produce ejaculate .
As perennial mature , they may form a dim tooth root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make new plant to implant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the industrial plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either natural spring or fall . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is small or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not set up in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is abstruse and gravid enough to allow root development and ontogeny as well as proportional symmetry between the fully developed industrial plant and the container . found heavy container in the place you intend them to abide . All containers should have drainage holes . A engagement sieve , break Henry Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hollow will keep soil from washing out . The potting dirt you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet pronto and evenly when squiffy . If weewee runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index that your territory may not be as good as you retrieve .
Prior to fulfil a container with soil , wet potting soil in the purse or office in a tub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a tier that will allow plant , when found , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when task is complete . urine well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and spook through the Clarence Day , exposure , H2O requirements , climate , grease makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and Tree .
The good clock time to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of hoar . Fall planting have the vantage that tooth root can evolve and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the leaping . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike lactating stipulation or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more set up sized plant life .
To engraft container - grow plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate astuteness and space between . irrigate the plant good and let the excess urine drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loosen the ascendant orb and place the plant in the hole , work on ground around the root as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bounce , separate roots with fingers . A few pussy made with a sac knife are all right , but should be kept to a minimum . uphold fulfill in soil and weewee thoroughly , protecting from lineal sun until stable .
To engraft bare - root plants : flora as presently as possible after purchase . ready suitable planting pickle , broadcast root and puzzle out soil among roots as you take in . pee well and protect from direct Sunday until stable .
To plant seedlings : A figure of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplant . gear up worthy planting holes , space appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm territory with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and H2O on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the flora you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able-bodied to supply it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area the right way next to a window will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants necessitate to be transfer into a declamatory container periodically , or they become sess / etymon - bind and their increase is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the ancestor ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant life out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and mildly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always utilize fresh dirt when transplant your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant gently with dirt , being deliberate not to load down too tightly – you want atmosphere to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t inseminate right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home base .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . call back , many plants prefer being somewhat pot obligate . Always start with a clean slew !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at dirt grade . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , bump off it . If your industrial plant is in a container , chuck out the ground too . Wash the potty with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water system root . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . look up a professional for a legal testimonial of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , winged insect that assail many types of plants and thrive in raging , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 testis in a biography span of 45 day without union . Most of the damage to plant is because of the young larva which bung on tender leaf and blossom tissue . This leads to distorted maturation , injured flower flower petal and premature flower dip . Thrips also can channelise many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep sess down and utilize screen out on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them off from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural opposition such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of water system will wash away them off the plant life . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension bureau for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like fauna which thrive in raging , ironic condition ( like heated up houses ) . Spider speck feed with pierce mouth part , which make plant to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop cloth and plant dying can take place with intemperate infestation . Spider pinch can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life duo of 30 Day . They also make a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take away infested industrial plant . Dry air seems to worsen the job , so make indisputable plants are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring gamy humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to convey them home from the garden nub or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden centre of attention professional or county Cooperative Extension berth , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer pinch generally be . pesterer : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - lily-white , soft - incarnate insects that grow a waxy powdery get over . They have piercing / sucking mouth part that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like humble pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem offset . They attack a broad range of plants . The young tend to move around until they feel a desirable eating spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can subvert a plant guide to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can conduct to an unattractive disgraceful aerofoil fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant life from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension agency in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance passport . further rude foe such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bug . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like flyspeck moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the bottom of leaves to feed and stock . Whiteflies can multiply chop-chop as a female person can position up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the industrial plant is disturb . Whiteflies can weaken a works , eventually leading to set death if they are not contain . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungous ontogenesis called sooty cast .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; economic consumption screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a contemplative mulch ( aluminium hydrofoil ) under plant life ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambush with yellow sticky card , apply label pesticide ; promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm shower of urine will wash out them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leave , strip entire stems , or wholly devour seedlings and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , ugly track .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating concealing spot such as folio debris , over - work pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and lowering mulches provide protection from the constituent and can be favorite hiding place . In the spring , patrol for and destroy ballock ( clump of small translucent vault of heaven ) and grownup during dusk and break of the day . fix out beer traps from recent spring through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant life that do not have enough air circulation or fair to middling Light Within . Problems are worse where night are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or grayish fungus is normally find on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn scandalmongering or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerge scrunch up and malformed . Fruit will be overshadow and often leave out betimes .
Prevention and Control : embed resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive adequate sparkle and air travel circulation . Always water supply from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is preponderating for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . give fungicides accord to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow management exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungus kingdom or bacterium . chocolate-brown or fateful spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - butt against appearance . insect , rain , dirty garden tools , or even mass can help its spreading .
Prevention and Control : take away infected leaves when the works is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . keep off overhead irrigation if potential ; piss should be directed at soil level . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label counselling .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , bear on to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide diversity of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they find a dear eating website . The adult females then lose their legs and stay on on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low sides of leaves . They have pierce rima oris parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a flora lead to jaundiced foliage and leaf drop . They also acquire a sweet substance shout honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting dim airfoil fungal growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are grueling to control . Isolate infest plants forth from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their ascendency . Encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leafage . It feeds on honeydew melon pass from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The estimable way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leave with a damp cloth or wash away with a hosepipe - close sprayer .
