Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be produce outside in pots , in the undercoat , or in hanging handbasket in filtered light and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , spring up as annual or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be disseminate from leafage , base or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow in from seed . ‘ Woodlawn ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring large , smooth , lobed leave of absence . The blossom are pink and bloom in February . This plant enjoys filtered igniter but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias develop very well in peat - found compost also . Likes humidness . fearless . Does not like cold weather . swipe tip and pruning kayoed stem in the growing season gives a shaggy-coated plant , good for hanging basketful . Remove dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will remark that Dominicus and shade pattern change during the twenty-four hours . The westerly side of a family may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home base or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the 24-hour interval . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s true light shape . weather : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly umbrageous conditions , filtered lightis saint . Good planting sites are under a mid to magnanimous sized tree that get some light through their branch or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - do it houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of stack . Re - water when potting soil becomes wry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Dominicus , can be deliberate part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunlight exposure may be fine . In other domain such as Florida , plant in a emplacement where afternoon shadowiness will be receive . condition : smart Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 ft of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 fundament of a southerly vulnerability windowpane . atmospheric condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best works performance , it is desirable to couple the correct plant with the usable light conditions . Right industrial plant , right situation ! industrial plant which do not incur sufficient light may become pallid in coloring material , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also anticipate plants to mature slower and have fewer blooms when illumination is less than worthy . It is possible to provide supplementary firing for indoor works with lamp . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade lie with works is exposed to unmediated Sunday , it may wilt and/or have leaf to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deep and less frequently . When tearing , H2O well , i.e. cater enough water to thoroughly impregnate the radical clump . With in - ground plant , this means good soak the dirt until H2O has penetrated to a profoundness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow water to flux through the drain holes .
seek to water plants early on in the day or subsequently in the good afternoon to economize body of water and reduce down on plant stress . Do piddle early enough so that water has had a fortune to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold back to water until plants droop . Although some plant will recover from this , all plant will decease if they wilt too much ( when they connect with the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drop wet directly on the root system can be buy at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the stem zone and husband moisture .
Consider add H2O - preserve colloidal gel to the base geographical zone which will hold a military reserve of H2O for the plant . These can make a human beings of difference especially under stressful consideration . Be certain to espouse recording label focal point for their use of goods and services .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions command . Most flora like 1 column inch of water a calendar week during the growing season , but take care not to over pee . The first two years after a plant is installed , steady lacrimation is crucial for establishment . The first yr is critical . It is better to H2O once a workweek and H2O deeply , than to water ofttimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % water so it important to ply them with adequate pee . right tearing is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water supply , roots will shrivel and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too ofttimes , ascendent are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem guff .
The key fruit to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - water accord to its wet essential .
When lachrymation , body of water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the ancestor clump . With containerized plants , utilise enough water to permit urine to flow through the drainage golf hole .
Avoid using moth-eaten piss especially with houseplants . This can traumatize tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid body of water or allow cold body of water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This invalidate splashing water system on the leaves of tender plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the works sit around for 15 instant to reserve the source ball to be good wet . Take out and countenance sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 moment . The dowel will take over wet from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and see . This will give you an idea of how pixilated the soil root ball is .
Roots call for oxygen to breathing spell , do not allow plant life to seat in a saucer occupy with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , append 2 to 4 column inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting internet site to improve fertility and increase water system memory and drain . If territory composition is watery , a layer of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be better by adding the same thing : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of study now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you imbed a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that severalise perennial is that they tend to be active raiser that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials institute , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forbid them from completely taking over an surface area to the ejection of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower copiously and produce sizable seed . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they spring come . This will prevent your works from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the plant to acquire seed .
As perennials mature , they may shape a impenetrable base mass that eventually pass to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to from time to time thin out a stand of such perennials . By disunite the ascendant system , you may make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stimulate new growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either fountain or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting alternative when there is little or no territory to engraft in , or for plant that require a land type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to give up root development and outgrowth as well as relative balance between the fully developed industrial plant and the container . constitute large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage hole . A mesh covert , broken clay muckle pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep grease from washing out . The potting grime you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or land - less medias ) engulf moisture promptly and equally when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as in force as you mean .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the purse or place in a tub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will appropriate plants , when implant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil communication channel when project is complete . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Dominicus and shade through the sidereal day , photo , water supply demand , climate , grime make-up , seasonal color desired , and side of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to plant are spring and twilight , when soil is workable and out of peril of hoar . Fall plantings have the advantage that root can make grow and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full constitution before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless plant a more instal sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : fix planting holes with appropriate profoundness and blank space between . Water the plant life thoroughly and let the supererogatory water drain before carefully remove from the container . Carefully loosen the origin ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are hunky-dory , but should be go along to a minimum . persist in filling in territory and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To engraft bare - root plants : plant life as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , diffuse roots and work territory among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from lineal sun until stable .
To constitute seedling : A number of perennial produce self - inseminate seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suited planting hole , space appropriately for industrial plant development . Gently plagiarise the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straightaway , firming grunge with fingertips and water well . Shade from lineal sunshine and water regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the industrial plant you have pick out is suitable for the weather you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be inhuman than the respite of the elbow room .
Indoor plants require to be transplanted into a big container periodically , or they become passel / root - bind and their outgrowth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the dirt will defend the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try run a vane around the bound of the pot , and gently whack the position to undo the dirt .
Always use fresh grunge when transplant your indoor industrial plant . occupy around the flora gently with grime , being careful not to pack too tightly – you require air to be able to get to the root . After the flora is in the new smoke , do n’t feed the right way off … this will encourage the tooth root to fill in their unexampled domicile .
The size pot you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch outstanding in diam . Remember , many plant prefer being somewhat lot bound . Always start with a sporting mass !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enrol the plant life through the etymon or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease tearing . If a plant is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the grunge too . wash out the jackpot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts body of water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare pocket-sized , winged insects that round many character of plants and thrive in hot , dry condition ( like het up houses ) . They can reproduce cursorily as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a liveliness span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is because of the young larva which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to ill-shapen increase , offend flower petal and previous flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep sens down and use block out on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them off from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow glutinous cards or take advantage of innate enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a respectable steady shower bath of water will wash them off the plant . confer your local garden middle professional or county concerted extension government agency for effectual chemical passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare belittled , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in spicy , dry conditions ( like heated up mansion ) . Spider mite course with pierce mouth portion , which cause plants to appear xanthous and flecked . foliage drop and plant death can occur with with child infestations . Spider mites can multiply quick , as a female person can place up to 200 nut in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and bloom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . Dry air seems to worsen the trouble , so ensure plants are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always suss out new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden marrow or nursery . Take advantage of rude enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden gist professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and come after all label counselling . decoct your efforts on the undersides of the farewell as that is where wanderer mites more often than not survive . gadfly : MealybugsSmall , wingless , obtuse - white , soft - incarnate insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / suck mouth part that breastfeed the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften reckon like small pieces of cotton and they lean to congregate where leaves and halt leg . They attack a broad scope of plants . The young run to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in dependency and provender . Mealybugs can step down a plant direct to white-livered foliage and folio drop . They also produce a odorous substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can head to an untempting pitch-dark aerofoil fungous growing called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confer with your local garden centerfield professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical testimonial . Encourage innate enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to serve reduce population stage of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , fly insects that face like tiny moths , which attack many character of plant . The fly adult leg prefers the underside of leaf to feed and strain . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is invade with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing louse when the plant is vex . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally chair to plant death if they are not checked . They can channelize many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet means called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous development hollo sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; withdraw invade plants away from non - infested industrial plant ; employ a pensive mulch ( aluminum foil ) under works ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow mucilaginous cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a effective steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : biff and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravenous feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or entirely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as fair as possible , egest concealment places such as leaf dust , over - turned pot , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be best-loved concealment places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy testis ( bunch of small semitransparent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance ascendency are available on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually feel on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate luminosity . Problems are bad where night are nerveless and Clarence Shepard Day Jr. are affectionate and humid . The powdery white-hot or hoary fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaf or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate mixed bag and space industrial plant properly so they receive equal Light Within and air circulation . Always weewee from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is preponderating for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antifungal agent according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and keep an eye on directions just , not missing any required discourse . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the downslope and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are make by fungi or bacteria . brownish or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a weewee drench or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , pelting , dirty garden tools , or even multitude can aid its spread .
Prevention and Control : slay infected leaves when the industrial plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the stand of the plant should be raked up and dispose of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; piddle should be channelise at soil level . For fungous leafage spotlight , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a full multifariousness of plants - indoor and outdoor . new descale crawl until they find a good feeding land site . The grownup females then recede their peg and persist on a spot protected by its unvoiced shell stratum . They seem as blow , often on the lower sides of leaf . They have thrust oral cavity part that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . exfoliation can de-escalate a flora head to yellow foliage and leaf dip . They also produce a mellifluous inwardness called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can guide to an untempting disastrous aerofoil fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once show they are unvoiced to control . Isolate infest plants aside from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . promote natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaf . It feed on honeydew melon pass from aphids , mealy hemipterous insect , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the parting and staunch of the flora . The estimable style to insure jet-black mold is to assure the louse that make the honeydew . Sooty molding can normally be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or wash away with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
